In lumbar artificial disk replacement, worn or damaged disk material between the small bones in the spine (vertebrae) is removed and replaced with a prosthetic, or artificial disk. Surgery may be considered when low back pain does not improve with conservative treatment, though not everyone who continues to experience pain after exhausting nonsurgical treatments is a candidate for surgery. In addition to being persistent, your pain must stem from one or two degenerative (arthritic) disks, as determined by diagnostic testing and a physical exam. For patients who meet these (and other) criteria, lumbar fusion surgery remains the most common treatment option for treating low back pain. Fusion is essentially a welding process. The basic idea is to fuse together the affected vertebrae so that they heal into a single, solid bone, eliminating painful motion.
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